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Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Lead white Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Lead white Lead white / led wite / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Basic lead(II)-carbonate Formula: 2 PbCO3· Pb(OH)2 Crystal system: Trigonal (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: Uniaxial (, e = 1.94, w = 2.09 Color: Color Index (C.I.) PW 1 How can you identify Lead white? Imaging: UVF: pale white IRFC: white OM ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/leadwhite.html · 16.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Cobalt yellow Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Cobalt yellow Cobalt yellow / ko • bawlt yel • low / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: potassium cobaltinitrite Formula: K3[Co(NO2)6] · H2O Refractive index: n/a Color: Color Index (C.I.) PY 40 How can you identify Cobalt yellow? Imaging: UVF: no IRFC: blue OM: at high magnification, tiny crystals and crystalline clusters ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/coyellow.html · 15.3k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Chrome yellow Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Chrome yellow Chrome yellow / krome yel • low / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: lead(II)-chromate Formula: PbCrO4 Crystal system: Monoclinic - Prismatic (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: alpha = 2.31, beta = 2.37, gamma = 2.66 Color: Color Index (C.I.) PY 34 How can you identify Chrome yellow? Imaging: OM: the ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/cryellow.html · 16.2k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Indian yellow Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Indian yellow Indian yellow / in • dee • uhn yel • low / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: magnesium euxanthate Formula: C19H16O11Mg · 5 H2O Refractive index: above 1.52 Color: Color Index (C.I.) this is not considered a pigment anymore because of the banned production method How can you identify Indian yellow? Imaging: UVF: ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/indianyellow.html · 16.0k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Cadmium yellow/red Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Cadmium yellow/red Cadmium yellow/red / kad • mee • uhm are • inj / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Cadmium yellow: cadmium sulfide (CdS) Cadmium orange/red: cadmium sulfide (CdS) + cadmium selenide (CdSe) in varying proportion Formula: CdS (yellow); CdS + CdSe (orange/red) Crystal system: greenockite: Hexagonal - Dihexagonal ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/cdyellowred.html · 16.3k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Cadmium yellow www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Cadmium yellow / kad • mee • uhm yel • low / Cadmium yellow Jump to pigment Madder lake (alizarine) Azurite Bone black Brown ochre Carmine Cadmium orange cadmium yellow Cerulean Blue Calcium carbonate whites Charcoal cobalt blue Cobalt green cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange chrome yellow copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo lead white Lemon yellow malachite Naples yellow Orpiment lead tin yellow Prussian blue realgar red lead Red ochre smalt titanium dioxide Ultramarine Umbra Van Dyke brown verdigris vermilion viridian Yellow ochre zinc white font size: a a a At a glance Background Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Cadmium yellow: About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Cadmium(II)-sulfide and mixed crystals of ZnS . CdS, CdS . CdSe in varying proportions Formula: CdS Crystal system: greenockite: Hexagonal - Dihexagonal Pyramidal (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: e=2.506, w=2.529 How can you identify ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/cdyellow.html · 15.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Cobalt blue Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Cobalt blue Cobalt blue / ko • bawlt bloo / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Cobalt(II) oxide-aluminum oxide Formula: CoO · Al2O3 Refractive index: n/a Color: Color Index (C.I.) PB 28 How can you identify Cobalt blue? Imaging: UVF: blue IRFC: red OM: cobalt blue has coarse particles, like azurite and ultramarine, but is ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/coblue.html · 15.3k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Vermilion Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Vermilion Vermilion / vir • mill • eon / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: mercuric sulfide Formula: HgS Crystal system: Trigonal - Trapezohedral (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: w = 2.905, e = 3.256; uniaxial Color: Color Index (C.I.) PR 106 How can you identify Vermilion? Imaging: UVF: dark blue IRFC: yellow ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/vermilion.html · 16.4k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Red Ochre Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Red Ochre Red Ochre / red oak • ur / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Red Ochre: n/a About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Anhydrous iron(III)-oxide Formula: Fe2O3 Refractive index: n/a Color: Color Index (C.I.) PR102 How can you identify Red Ochre? Imaging: UVF: no IRFC: yellow Analytics: It's identified by means of FTIR and Raman. ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/redochre.html · 14.9k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Emerald green Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Emerald green Emerald green / em • ruhld green / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Emerald green: n/a About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Copper(II)-acetoarsenite Formula: Cu(CH3COO)2 · 3 Cu(AsO2)2 Crystal system: monoclinic Refractive index: alpha = 1.71-2, beta = 1.77-8 Color: Color Index (C.I.) this is not considered a pigment anymore ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/emerald.html · 16.1k |
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