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Credits | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Introduction Credits Books Museum Store Citations A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... (see also books, and Museum store) Key contributor The primary contributor is Claus Tøndering, based in Denmark, who first published his Calendar FAQ in 1997. This novel document used the then-new "Frequently Asked Questions" style of writing to explain the otherwise complex working of calendars in an inviting and understandable way. Since then, he has published several editions online, adding his own research and improvements from other contributors. Other text credits The Maya calendar was compiled by Claus Tøndering based on information from Chris Carrier. Various texts, including the background on our year, the introduction to the Calendars section, the Indian calendar, and the history of the Chinese calendar are adapted from L. E. Dogget. Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac, P. Kenneth Seidelmann, editor, with permission from University Science Books, ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/credits.html · 20.5k |
Daylight Saving Time - Credits & feedback Credits for the "About Daylight Saving Time" exhibit http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/i.html · 22.6k |
Indian Calendar | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Chinese Christian Indian Islamic Jewish Others Ancient French Future Mayan Roman Perpetual A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... Festival. Surajkund Mela, Haryana, India A group of women dress colorfully for an Indian festival. As a result of a calendar reform in 1957 C.E., the National Calendar of India is a formalized lunisolar calendar in which leap years coincide with those of the Gregorian calendar (Calendar Reform Committee, 1957). However, the initial epoch is the Saka Era, a traditional epoch of Indian chronology. Months are named after the traditional Indian months and are offset from the beginning of Gregorian months (see the table below). In addition to establishing a civil calendar, the Calendar Reform Committee set guidelines for religious calendars, which require calculations of the motions of the Sun and Moon. Tabulations of the religious holidays are prepared by the India Meteorological Department and published annually in The ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-indian.html · 18.4k |
Recommended Books | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Introduction Credits Books Museum Store Citations A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... (see also Museum store, and credits) We are often asked about books we might recommend. The following books relate to the development of calendars and the measurement of time. You may also wish to peruse calendars for sale at Amazon, and the exhibit credits for bibliographic sources. Items purchased through these links, as well as through the Museum store, help support WebExhibits. History: Calendar: Humanity’s Epic Struggle To Determine A True And Accurate Year by David E. Duncan Duncan’s engaging narrative traces the development of our modern-day (Gregorian) calendar, and describes how people’s experiences are shaped by their conception of time. The author also describes ancient calendars of many cultures around the globe, from India to Egypt to the Mayan empire. ISBN: 0380793245 See more info at Amazon.com Marking Time: The Epic Quest to Invent the Perfect Calendar by ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/books.html · 14.7k |
Nicholas Copernicus | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Astronomy Perpetual calendar Month of Moons Today's Moon History Definitions International Do it yourself A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... The text of: Nicholas Copernicus De Revolutionibus (On the Revolutions), 1543 C.E. Nicholas Copemicus (1473-1543) That Nicholas Copernicus delayed until near death to publish De revolutionibus has been taken as a sign that he was well aware of the possible furor his work might incite; certainly his preface to Pope Paul III anticipates many of the objections it raised. But he could hardly have anticipated that he would eventually become one of the most famous people of all time on the basis of a book that comparatively few have actually read (and fewer still understood) in the 450 years since it was first printed. Copernicus was bom into a well-to-do mercantile family in 1473, at Torun, Poland. After the death of his father, he was sponsored by his uncle, Bishop Watzenrode, who sent him first to the ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/year-text-Copernicus.html · 130.0k |
Other Ancient Calendars | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Chinese Christian Indian Islamic Jewish Others Ancient French Future Mayan Roman Perpetual A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... When did ancient months start? When was the ancient new year? Babylonian calendar Egyptian calendar Other calendars used in the ancient Near East The rainy season Synergy with the earth Cro-magnon man (Lascaux caves in France) Iceland (before literacy) → See detailed information on the early Roman calendar. When did ancient months start? In the eighth century B.C.E., civilizations all over the world either discarded or modified their old 360 day calendars. The 360 day calendars had been in use for the greater part of a millennium. In many places, month lengths immediately after that change were not fixed, but were based instead upon observation of the sky. Priest-astronomers were assigned the duty of declaring when a new month began – it was usually said to have started at the first sighting of a new moon. ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-ancient.html · 49.5k |
British Calendar | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Astronomy Perpetual calendar Month of Moons Today's Moon History Definitions International Do it yourself A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... The text of: British Calendar Act of 1751 In the year 1752 the British Parliament and King George II corrected several problems with the then current Julian calendar. The correction was first adopted by Pope Gregory XIII in October of 1582. However, adoption of the Gregorian Calendar outside of Catholic countries was delayed as Martin Luther (the original) had nailed his Ninety-five Theses to the door of his church on October 31, 1517. This started the Protestant Reformation, which was still ringing strong enough in 1582 to make most Protestant countries resist "bowing" to any Papal decree. Only after the problems had been growing for about 200 additional years did Great Britain adopt the Gregorian Calendar. The law was passed in 1751 and implemented in 1752. Great Britain was actually an early-bird in the ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/year-text-British.html · 39.3k |
Do It Yourself | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Astronomy Perpetual calendar Month of Moons Today's Moon History Definitions International Do it yourself A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... You can make a calendar page, watch the moon everyday for a month, and learn about the phases of the moon. The moon changes in appearance and location in the sky everyday, which is why we refer to the moon by its phases: new moon, new crescent moon, 1st quarter moon, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, and old crescent. After 29 days you will have a visual record of the phases of the moon, and a better understanding of all the phases. In other words, you can gain the first-hand experience of an astronomer by watching the sky everyday. To see how your observations of the real sky match up with predictions, see also a simulation of whole month or single day at a time. Materials: A calendar page where you can record information in each box. (Note: you can make your own calendar page on a sheet ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/moon-diy.html · 13.3k |
References : Butter Butter through the ages. Information about the history, chemistry, manufacture, and storage of butter. Includes illustrated directions for making butter at home. From the ancient Fertile Crescent to the present day, butter has symbolized the powerful, life giving and sacred, the good, the happy, the healthy and pure. http://www.webexhibits.org/butter/references.html · 30.4k |
Galileo Galilei | Calendars Calendars exhibit Webexhibit Home Node view Years & months Various Calendars Our Week Timeline About Overview Astronomy Perpetual calendar Month of Moons Today's Moon History Definitions International Do it yourself A page from the "Calendars" exhibit... The text of: Galileo Galilei Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 1632 Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Today Galileo is a famous and romantic name. We have all been taught the story of his heroic fight in the name of science against the intractable ignorance of the tyrannical Catholic church. The reality is not so starkly drawn, but no less interesting for that; Galileo’s own arrogance created many enemies, and Rome’s anxiety over its authority in the schismatic era of the Protestant reformation made their collision inevitable. Galileo was a professor of mathematics, first at the University of Pisa, where he had been born, and then at Padua, perhaps establishing a reputation for his willingness to offend Aristotelian philosophers perhaps, with the publication of De Motu (On Motion), but for little ... http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/year-text-Galileo.html · 314.3k |
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