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Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Lead white Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Lead white Lead white / led wite / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Basic lead(II)-carbonate Formula: 2 PbCO3· Pb(OH)2 Crystal system: Trigonal (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: Uniaxial (, e = 1.94, w = 2.09 Color: Color Index (C.I.) PW 1 How can you identify Lead white? Imaging: UVF: pale white IRFC: white OM ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/leadwhite.html · 16.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Lime white Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Lime white Lime white Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Lime white: n/a About the chemical structure: Chemical name: calcium carbonate (chalk) calcium carbonate + calcium hydroxide (bianco San Giovanni) Formula: CaCO3 (chalk) CaCO3 + Ca(OH)2 (bianco di San Giovanni) 3D model: grey = carbon, red = oxygen, blue = calcium Crystal system: Trigonal - ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/limewhite.html · 15.6k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Zinc white Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Zinc white Zinc white / zink wite / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Zinc(II)-oxide Formula: ZnO 3D model: red = oxygen, green = zinc Crystal system: Trigonal - Trapezohedral (at Mineralogy Database) Refractive index: w = 2.905, e = 3.256; uniaxial Color: Color Index (C.I.) PW 4 How can you identify Zinc white? Imaging: ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/zincwhite.html · 15.8k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Titanium white Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Titanium white Titanium white / tie • tay • nee • uhm wite / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Titanium white: n/a About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Titanium dioxide Formula: TiO2 3D model: Crystal structure of anatase Crystal structure of rutile grey = titanium, red = oxygen Crystal system: Anatase: Tetragonal - Ditetragonal ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/titaniumwhite.html · 15.9k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Red lead Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Red lead Red lead Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Lead(II,IV)-oxide Formula: Pb3O4 3D model: red = oxygen, light blue = lead Crystal system: tetragonal Refractive index: 2.42 Color: Color Index (C.I.) PR 105 How can you identify Red lead? Imaging: UVF: dark red IRFC: yellow-brown OM: Tiny homogenous particles often ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/redlead.html · 16.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Lead-tin yellow Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Lead-tin yellow Lead-tin yellow / led tin yel • low / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: lead stannate (Type I) lead tin oxide silicate (Type II) Formula: Pb2SnO4 (Type I) Pb(Sn,Si)O3 (Type II) Crystal system: Lead tin yellow I: tetragonal; Lead tin yellow II: cubic pyrochlore Refractive index: above 2 Color: Color Index (C.I ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/leadtinyellow.html · 16.1k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Lead-tin yellow Home Background Purple Blue Green Yellow Orange Red White Brown Black About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Lead-tin yellow Lead-tin yellow / led tin yel • low / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Minium Naples yellow Orpiment Lead-tin yellow Prussian blue Realgar Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details A painted swatch of Lead-tin yellow: About the chemical structure: Chemical name: lead stannate (Type I) lead tin oxide silicate (Type II) Formula: Pb2SnO4 (Type I) Pb(Sn,Si)O3 (Type II) Crystal system: Lead tin yellow I: tetragonal; Lead tin yellow II: cubic pyrochlore Refractive index: above 2 How ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/pbsnyellow.html · 15.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Minium Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Minium Minium Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Minium Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Lead(II,IV)-oxide Formula: Pb3O4 3D model: red = oxygen, light blue = lead Crystal system: tetragonal Refractive index: 2.42 Color: Color Index (C.I.) PR 105 How can you identify Minium? Imaging: UVF: dark red IRFC: yellow-brown OM: Tiny homogenous particles often clumped ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/minium.html · 16.5k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Cadmium yellow/red Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Cadmium yellow/red Cadmium yellow/red / kad • mee • uhm are • inj / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: Cadmium yellow: cadmium sulfide (CdS) Cadmium orange/red: cadmium sulfide (CdS) + cadmium selenide (CdSe) in varying proportion Formula: CdS (yellow); CdS + CdSe (orange/red) Crystal system: greenockite: Hexagonal - Dihexagonal ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/cdyellowred.html · 16.3k |
Pigments through the Ages - Technical Information - Bone black Home Introduction Choose a pigment Browse colors Time periods Make paintings Look closer About www.webexhibits.org/pigments » Bone black Bone black / bone blak / Jump to pigment Azurite Bone black Carbon black Carmine Cadmium yellow/red Cerulean Blue Cobalt blue Cobalt green Cobalt violet Cobalt yellow Chrome orange Chrome yellow Copper resinate Egyptian blue Emerald green Green earth Indian yellow Indigo Lead-tin yellow Lead white Lemon yellow Lime white Madder Malachite Naples yellow Orpiment Prussian blue Realgar Red lead Red ochre Smalt Titanium white Ultramarine Umber Van Dyke brown Verdigris Vermilion Viridian Yellow ochre Zinc white font size: a a a Overview History of use Making the pigment Technical details About the chemical structure: Chemical name: calcium phosphate + calcium carbonate +carbon Formula: Ca3(PO4)2 + CaCO3 +C Refractive index: n/a Color: Color Index (C.I.) PBk 9 How can you identify Bone black? Imaging: UVF: no IRFC: black Analytics: Bone black can be identified by means of FTIR ... http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/indiv/technical/boneblack.html · 14.9k |
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