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Color Theory | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... What were early studies of color? Color theory is a human construct. We need ways to define what we mean by color, and how colors can be ordered, related to each other, and adjusted to become new colors. Color theory attempts to meld together the facts we have about color in a way that gives us common ground to discuss and use colors. Early theories of color were pure speculation. Eventually, with more data at hand, the theories began to mirror and explain how the brain really perceives color. Ewald Hering (1834-1918) devised the first accurate theory of color vision. Color is a perception, a response of the brain to data received by the visual systems. Just as artificial flavors evoke a similar smell to real foods, or as artificial sugar stimulates our sense of sweetness, so different combinations of light can be perceived as the same "color" (see What is color?). What is real is that objects ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1B.html · 11.3k |
Representations | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... How do you represent colors? There is debate over which type of color circle or color wheel is most accurate, though there is merit in any color circle arranged in a logical sequence. A color wheel has colors arranged according to a chromatic relationship (visual), and helps us understand the relationships between colors. Primary colors are equidistant, colors opposite one another are complementary, and colors placed beside one another are analogous, mimicking the process that occurs when we blend hues. There are essentially three different types of color circles. Conceptually, the oldest of all color circles is based on subtractive color and uses cyan, magenta, and yellow as the primary colors. Often blue, red and yellow are used as the primaries, instead of cyan, magenta and yellow. This variation is historical in origin, and based on the availability of pigments. Painters and printers favor ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1BB.html · 20.3k |
DIY: Mixing Colors | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Mixing Colored Inks and Paints All color printing processes use something called the subtractive mixing of colors to take out portions of white light to produce the colors we see. You can illustrate this subtractive process while having some fun mixing different colored inks or tempera paints. Materials Tempera paints or printer inks in cyan, magenta, and yellow (Note: soap and water will clean up tempera paint, but you need isopropyl alcohol to clean up spilled ink.) White poster board, paper plates, or copy paper on top of newspaper Plastic spoons, brushes, or popsicle sticks How To Do It Put an equal amount of cyan, magenta, and yellow paint equidistant from each other in a circle on a white poster board, paper plate, or piece of copy paper. Use a clean brush, spoon, or popsicle stick to mix a little magenta and yellow paint. You might see a red color. Use another clean implement to ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1BF.html · 12.7k |
DIY: Mixing Lights | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Mixing Colored Lights Have you ever wondered why humans perceive the colors we see? By shining lights of three different colors against a white background, you better understand how human eyes “see” color. Materials One red, one blue, and one green light. You can use three different colored light bulbs, each in its own socket; three different LED lamps, similar to those that a DJ uses; or three flashlights of equal size and brightness, each with a double layer of red, green, or blue cellophane attached with a rubber band. A white wall, paper, or poster board. How To Do It Tape a piece of white poster board or about 8 pieces of white copy paper to a wall in a dark room. (Notes: You can also use a white wall. A white projector screen does not work well.) Turn the lights on and position them until you get the “whitest” light where the three colors mix. For best results, the room should be as ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1BE.html · 13.2k |
What is refraction? | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Rainbows What is refraction? Other atmospheric effects Dispersive refraction A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Why are prisms colored? The spectral colors of the rainbow are caused by dispersive refraction Newton established that refraction causes the dispersion of light into its constituent hues. He named seven colors, in symmetry with the seven distinct notes in the Western musical scale. Rainbows, with their ephemeral quality and gorgeous hues, have fascinated us since the beginning of recorded time. The rainbow is deeply rooted in our history. It appears in the oldest of stories, as well as being ubiquitous in art and music. Newton and the color spectrum: dispersive refraction Isaac Newton established that refraction causes white light to separate into its constituent wavelengths. While he was not the first to demonstrate that a prism produces a spectrum of colored light from incident white light, he showed that a second prism could recombine the colors to create white light again. He also demonstrated that the ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/13A.html · 11.9k |
Do It Yourself | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Gold Vermilion Blue diamonds Diamonds structure Doped semiconductors Fluorescence Do it Yourself A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Experiment with making glowing hands Find out what happens when you take common petroleum jelly and a black light to create a ghoulish special effect! Glowing Hands What makes certain things glow under a black light? Petroleum jelly contains chemicals called phosphors that absorb UV light, later emitting it as a light that we can actually see as part of the visible spectrum. This effect is mimicked here in this cool, but easy demonstration. Ingredients A black light (or a lamp with a black light bulb) Petroleum Jelly Latex Gloves (or latex free if you are allergic!) How to Do It Place the latex gloves on your hands Apply a generous amount of petroleum jelly to both hands and slather it on to cover. Once your hands are covered in petroleum jelly, ask a friend to turn off the lights in the room (the darker the room, the better the effect!) Once the lights are off, have the friend turn on ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/11F.html · 13.0k |
Iridescence | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Butterflies Iridescence Pearl Peacocks Beetles Bubbles Do it Yourself A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Iridescent colors caused by interference Interference colors in a thinned ice cube, 3 cm across (between crossed polarizers). Iridescence as a result of interference We’re captivated when we see something in nature with a multitude of colors, or when the colors seem to change depending on our point of view. Whether we’re looking at pearl and mother-of-pearl, the transparent wings of houseflies and dragonflies, the near-metallic colors of scales on beetles and butterflies , or the feathers of hummingbirds and peacocks , we are immediately drawn to their iridescence (from the Latin word, "iris," meaning rainbow). Although the iridescence of these natural wonders are a result of "structural colors," rather than pigment molecules, iridescence takes other forms as well. For example, light waves can interfere with one another, causing the iridescent colors you see in a layer of oil on a wet pavement or in the surface of a ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/15.html · 16.0k |
Bubbles | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Butterflies Iridescence Pearl Peacocks Beetles Bubbles Do it Yourself A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... Estimating bubble lifetimes The principle of interference is responsible for the brilliant hues of certain butterflies and beetles, and is also seen in soap bubbles. In bubbles, thin film interference occurs. A soap bubble is a very thin sheet of water sandwiched between two layers of soap molecules Bubbles capture the essence of childlike wonder, perfectly formed, evanescent and rich with ephemeral color. They also demonstrate a plethora of useful scientific principles, including surface tension, ratios of surface area to volume, and interference colors. What is a soap bubble? A soap bubble is a very thin sheet of water sandwiched between two layers of soap molecules. The film of soapy water surrounds a bubble of air. Soap molecules have one end that repels water, and one that attracts it, and these molecules move to the inner and outer surfaces, thrusting their water-repelling ends out into the air, and their "heads" ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/15E.html · 14.8k |
Systems | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... How do colors change on the screen compared to when printed? Computer "spectrum". Mixing the primary colors, as shown in the narrow bands above, creates the colors of the broad upper band. TV and computer screens The images displayed on television and computer screens are made up of pixels, each produced by mixing red, green, and blue dots in varying proportions. A combination of all three at maximum brightness will appear white from a distance. A mix of red and green produces yellow; red with blue creates magenta; and green with blue produces cyan. On a screen, varying the proportions of the primary colors creates the whole range of color. Reproducing color The range of colors varies enormously across different media. Of the billions of colors in the visible spectrum, a computer screen can display millions, a high-quality printer in the order of thousands, and older computer systems may ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1BC.html · 11.5k |
Color mixing | Causes of Color font size: a a a Related pages: Color Theory Color mixing Representations Systems Energy of color Do it Yourself Do it Yourself 2 A page from the "Causes of Color" exhibit... What color do you get when you mix blue and yellow? Primary colors and mixing of colors If you mix red, green, and blue light, you get white light. Red, green, and blue (RGB) are referred to as the primary colors of light. Mixing the colors generates new colors, as shown on the color wheel or circle on the right. This is additive color. As more colors are added, the result becomes lighter, heading towards white. RGB is used to generate color on a computer screen, a TV, and any colored electronic display device. When you mix colors using paint, or through the printing process, you are using the subtractive color method. The primary colors of light are red, green, and blue. If you subtract these from white you get cyan, magenta, and yellow. Mixing the colors generates new colors as shown on the color wheel, or the circle on the right. Mixing these three primary colors generates black. As you ... http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1BA.html · 14.5k |
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